|
Your skin has many functions. For example, it: protects your body from the environment, helps to regulate body temperature, helps to maintain fluid balance, and stores the receptors of pain and sensation. It is your body’s first line of defense from infections. In order to protect you it must stay intact. Small cuts in the skin can lead to bigger problems!
As you age, numerous changes occur in the skin. Your skin becomes thinner and more fragile because of the decreased amount of fatty tissues. The blood vessels become more fragile which leads to easier bruising and bleeding under the skin. There are changes in the connective tissue that reduce the skin's elasticity and strength.
Your body will take longer to heal skin injuries because of blood vessel changes and a lowered immunity. If you have Diabetes, your skin will take longer to heal. It is very important that you keep your blood sugar within a safe range to promote the healing. Your body needs protein to heal and repair tissues. Be sure that your diet includes appropriate amounts of protein and other key vitamins.
Skin tears are very common. They tend to be less deep than lacerations or cuts. They usually involve the outer most layer of the skin. Tears occur from rubbing, pulling or touching on something in the home. For example, bumping counter tops, coffee tables or bedposts can result in a tear. It is important to try to prevent such injuries. Look around your home and remove potential targets. Consider padding bedposts or corners of tables with soft cushiony materials.
Larger injuries such as lacerations or cuts are less common and often are due to a fall or an accident. Lacerations involve the first few layers of the skin and generally require sutures. Lacerations over joints (knee, elbow, knuckles) or on the face should be sutured to promote healing. In most cases, doctors will not suture wounds that are more than eight to twelve hours old. If you think that your wound needs sutures, go to the local hospital or walk-in clinic. Smaller lacerations on forearms, thighs, or other areas maybe closed with paper stitches.
If you have an open skin injury, here are some steps to follow:
Stop the bleeding by applying direct pressure to the wound. If bleeding does not stop within a few minutes, call your local emergency services number.
Wash the wound with soap and water. If the injury occurred outside and rocks or gravel are inside the wound, they need to be removed.
If the cut or tear is small, you can apply an antibacterial cream and then a bandage. Follow the directions on the cream. Do not use for more than the recommended time unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
If the cut or tear is larger but you do not feel that sutures are needed, you can apply paper stitches. Most pharmacies sell them. Carefully align the skin. Dry the sides of the wounds and then attach the paper stitches.
Watch for signs of infection, such as: odor, pain, fever, drainage, redness, red streaks, or warmth in the area. If you notice any of these signs, contact your doctor as soon as possible.
If you have not had a tetanus booster in ten years, you will need to get one. If the injury came from a very dirty or contaminated agent, your doctor may give you a tetanus booster as a precaution regardless of the time frame.
If the wound came from an animal, call animal control for local guidelines regarding rabies testing.
| 
