Both portable and permanently mounted swamp coolers are available. It is easier to understand how to operate a properly installed permanently mounted swamp cooler as you are pulling in hot fresh outside air while producing negative pressure in the building. Now all you do is provide an opening so the negative pressure pushes the slightly humidified air outside.
Portable swamp coolers are often misused therefore producing unsatisfactory results as you must provide fresh hot air not swampy cooler air. A saying I always use is that "a portable swamp cooler hates its own air" as it is slightly humidified. You never re-circulate the cooled air back into an evaporative cooler or you will end up with a swamp like condition, therefore the trade name "Swampy."
Portable swamp coolers are designed to be easy to use and perform best when they are allowed to fan the air at the person(s) that needs to be cooled. The advantage they have over a regular fan is the air is typically cooler and sometimes much cooler. You cannot typically build up negative pressure with a portable cooler therefore do not expect to cool areas, just people or pets.
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