How to choose the best sunscreen for your skin type

For many years, it was assumed that only fair, or freckled people should avoid sunlight and tanning beds, but no more. Because of the thinning ozone layer, anyone can acquire skin damage, toughening, and wrinkles from too much sunlight. In fact, recent literature suggests that everyone should wear sunscreen if they plan to be in sunlight for more than a few minutes. Today's cosmetics, skin creams and even some hair products list sunscreens as base ingredients to protect sensitive skin.

Sun Protection Factor (SPF) is a value that determines the amount of time a skin-type can be exposed to the sun before burning. SPF is rated by numbers. The lower the number, the lower the SPF protection. The highest number provides the most protection against harmful UV rays.

For example, if you've noticed that your skin begins to burn after about ten minutes in the sun, and you decide to use a sunscreen with a 15 SPF, then your skin should be protected for up to 15 times your normal protection time. Use this formula: 10 minutes x 15 SPF = 150 minutes (2.5 hours).

Please note that using sunscreens and blocks is only a preventative measure. Skin damage and cancers are still a danger for those who sunbath or tan consistently. Literature from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) says people who use sunscreen alone may still increase their risk for melanoma if they increase the time they spend in the sun.

According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), skin's tendency to burn can be classified by the following five-point scale:

SKIN TYPETANNING & SUNBURNING HISTORY

I Always burns, never tans, sensitive to sun exposure

II Burns easily, tans minimally

III Burns moderately, tans gradually to light brown

IV Burns minimally, always tans well

V Rarely burns, tans profusely to dark

VI Never burns, deeply pigmented, least sensitive

Once you've determined your skin's tendency to burn, it will be easier to find the best sunscreen for your skin type:

White/Very Pale - Tan type: Always burns, never tans, sensitive to sun exposure. Use SPF 50.

Fair - Tan type: Burns easily. Light freckling. Use SPF 30.

Fair/Medium- Tan type: Burns moderately. Use SPF 20 to 30.

Medium - Tan type: Burns minimally. Use SPF 15 to 20.

Dark - Tan type: Rarely burns, tans profusely. Use SPF 8 to 15.

Black - Tan type: Never burns, deeply pigmented, least sensitive. Use SPF 4 to 8.

Sunscreen should be applied in a uniform manner over the area that will be protected. The newer sun blocks are formulated to be light and non-greasy, blending well under make-up. Look for products that go on smooth and creamy, but have a firm consistency--for optimum coverage.

Due to skin sensitivities and overall health concerns, children and the elderly should wear sun block of at least SPF 15 while performing outdoor activities. People with moles, skin growths and sun sensitivity should consult a doctor about the best type of protection for their condition.

When choosing the best sunscreen for your skin, it's important that you take your skin type into account, noting your coloring, sun sensitivity and how long you intend to be under the sun. This simple step can guard your skin from hazardous UV sun damage, as well as keep you soft, supple and youthful-looking into your golden years.