What Are Common Symptoms for Babies With Asthma?

Asthma is a condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes (airways) in the lungs. Because of the inflammation, people with asthma experience a variety of symptoms that can make breathing difficult--including coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and severe tightness in the chest. For the majority of asthma sufferers, symptoms come and go, and can be made worse by exposure to certain allergens or irritants; for others, exercise or cold air can exacerbate symptoms.

Babies exhibit many of the same asthma symptoms as older children and adults, although it can be more difficult to diagnose in infants because of their diminished ability to communicate. The American Lung Association recommends that any child who has frequent episodes of coughing or recurrent respiratory infections "should be evaluated for asthma." Asthma in young children can be set off by crying, by exposure to allergens, strenuous exercise or cold weather, among other triggers. Many babies with asthma cough more at night and make wheezing, squeaky sounds after crying hard. Children with asthma also experience more frequent and serious bouts with respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia.

The American Lung Association estimates that as of 2006, more than 6.8 million children in America had asthma. That number has been steadily increasing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that reported cases of asthma in children grew an average of 4.3 percent per year between 1980 and 1996. Scientists believe that this is, at least in part, a result of increased pollution. This is underscored by the fact that children who live in urban settings have a higher prevelance of asthma.

Whether or not your baby has been diagnosed with asthma, any kind of severe asthma-like attack requires immediate medical attention. During an attack, the infant's airways become more inflamed, making it difficult to draw in oxygen. You may notice that your baby is wheezy, or she may cough uncontrollably or begin breathing very rapidly. If you have an inhaler or other type of "rescue medication," administer it immediately. Otherwise, the child should be taken to the emergency room immediately. (This also applies if there is no immediate recovery after medication is given.) Without medical attention, an asthma attack can be deadly.

There is no cure for asthma, so the goal of treatment is to control the symptoms. If your child is diagnosed with the disorder, the doctor will likely prescribe maintenance medications to keep the condition under control and an emergency medication that is given in case of an acute asthma attack. Types of medications include inhalers, oral medications, or drugs that are given by inhalation via a nebulizer. Treatment will vary, depending on the type and severity of symptoms. Prevention also plays a large role in controlling asthma, as many asthmatic children have allergies and/or are sensitive to certain irritants. Keeping your child away from conditions that trigger asthma attacks will go a long way in keeping him healthy. Respiratory infections can exacerbate asthma symptoms and should always be treated promptly.