Oh man, this is such a loaded question I'm not sure where to start. I guess I'd say that rock climbing is a pushing (with legs and arms, in stemming and mantelling movements) and pulling (obviously, with arms) activity; the biggest thing with rock climbing is balance -- you need to try to have three points of contact with the wall at all times, whether that means two arms and one foot, or two feet and one arm. Shifting your weight and staying in balance is a big "technique" if you will, but I think what you're asking is more about things like footwork (smearing, friction, using small features in the wall), crack climbing (that involves jamming toes, feet, heels, fingers, or other parts into different sized cracks), stemming, manteling, how to climb overhanging routes, and so forth.
