A guide to creating your own efficient and effective boat dock bumper.
Two major elements are important to creating homemade bumpers: measurements and supplies.
Measurements of the inside dock need to be taken, at least twice. View your boat in the dock and see where the boat will most likely bump against the dock upon departure or entry. Most often, bumpers are needed to protect the bow of the boat as it's tied to the cleats of the dock, side protection for the berth of the boat and a bumper at the edge of the dock most used upon entry or departure. Bumpers lining the entire edge of the dock won't hurt, though cost may be an issue. The larger the boat, the larger the bumpers needed, so measure, measure and re-measure.
Once the bumper size is determined, the bumpers themselves will need to be manufactured. Supplies need to include a cushioning agent coated by a waterproof, washable agent and, finally, rust-resistant fasteners. The exterior portion of the bumper should be made of material that won't suffer with climate changes such as frosts or direct sunlight. The goal is to create a bumper that will give in to the power of a boat, but protect it against hitting a hard dock.
Determine if the bumper can be attached directly to the dock, or if it needs to be a removable bumper. This determination is dependant upon the dock owner's policy.
A "closed-cell" or "marine" foam will work best for the interior of the bumper. These foams are manufactured to resist mold and to retain their forms. If applicable, consider Styrofoam if permitted in the area - many marinas have banned Styrofoam with the danger it can pose to wildlife. In addition, Styrofoam will not retain its shape if impacted with great force so bumpers made of this material are best for small crafts. Waterproof materials that include polyester textiles work best for the exterior portion of the bumper, as they are pliable, easy shaped, and clean up with soap and water. Avoid vinyl, PVC and rubber, unless labeled as marine safe, as sun exposure will harden and crack these materials creating more of an obstacle than a cushion.
Cut and shape the foam to the measurements of the bumper desired. A thickness of at least an inch is desired for smaller craft, while removable bumpers may require a large pad of foam. Enclose the foam with waterproof material and seal with epoxy or stainless steel fasteners. Remember to accommodate stainless steel grummets on removable bumpers plus line to tie them to the dock. Bumpers fastened directly to the dock or nails/screws used to secure removable bumpers need to be made of stainless steel. All other metals will begin rusting immediately.
If docking in early dawn or at night, consider adding glow-in-the-dark or phosphorescent strips to the bumpers for visual guidance.
Fit the bumpers to the dock and experiment with the boat, riding it up and down and side to side of the dock to be certain protection, and enough of it, is provided. Add additional bumpers if needed and remember to check the condition of the bumpers throughout the season. Should a bumper seem to be loosing its cushion, take the time to add more foam or build a thicker bumper. The cost and time of a bumper is minuscule compared to the cost of repairing a boat.
Keep in mind, however, that whatever means you use for your homemade bumper, it must meet the town's municipal code and/or the marina policies. Always inquire before applying hard work and good intentions.
