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Overview
Lap-band surgery alters the anatomy of the stomach so that only a small portion of food can be ingested at any given time. Reduced food consumption then leads to weight loss. The surgery is often necessary for individuals who are morbidly obese. The recovery process with lap-band surgery varies by individual and the gastric banding surgeon helps every patient create a step-by-step plan based on their needs and how their body has responded to the procedure.
Significance
Lap-band surgery is one of several minimally-invasive weight loss procedures. Most patients do not require an overnight stay for recovery. However, some patients are discharged after 24 hours, especially if there are complications associated with the procedure. In order to manage their weight and recover properly, patients are required to meet with a doctor for follow-up visits, limit physical activities and follow a prescribed diet.
Process
Patients are required to follow a restricted diet immediately after surgery and this typically consists of very soft, liquid-based foods. Smoothies, soups, very soft breads and easily-digestible foods are recommended for at least a week after surgery. When the patient can tolerate bulkier foods, they may be able to introduce whole foods into their diet. However, these must be eaten in very small quantities and larger pieces of food may need to be mashed or pureed in order to be digestible. Follow-up visits with the doctor ensure that the lap-band is not constricting the stomach too much and that the patient can consume a reasonable amount of food without feeling nauseated.
Misconceptions
Lap-band surgery is not a permanent procedure, and can be reversed. If the stomach pouch created with the band is causing pain or discomfort, the doctor can remove it relatively easily and the stomach will function normally as if no surgery had been performed. If the patient experiences slight discomfort or needs to eat more food on a regular basis, the doctor can adjust the band without reversing the entire surgery; this is one of the most significant advantages of lap-band surgery.
Considerations
Most patients can expect to lose between 25 to 40 percent of their body weight after surgery, but results can only be experienced with certain diet and lifestyle changes. Patients must commit to a healthy diet and consume nutritious beverages and snacks in lieu of large meals. They must also maintain a consistent exercise regimen so that they can burn calories naturally and further spur their weight loss. The restricted diet will need to be maintained for 5 or more weeks.
Management
Lap-band surgery is designed to constrict the stomach and reduce the appetite, but patients must still eat small amounts of food to prevent malnutrition. Certain types of foods can cause stomach cramps, nausea and constipation, so a dietitian or nutritional counseling may be necessary to ensure that the patient is eating the right types of foods throughout the recovery period. Some physical activities and exercises may need to be eliminated from the routine; high-impact cardiovascular exercises such as running, jogging or step aerobics can interfere with the healing process so the patient will need to refrain from these activities until recovery is complete.
